ISO stands for the International Organization for Standardization. It is an independent, non-governmental international organization that develops and publishes standards to ensure the quality, safety, and efficiency of products, services, and systems. ISO standards cover a wide range of industries, including technology, healthcare, manufacturing, and more.

ISO standards provide specifications for products, services, and systems to ensure their quality, safety, and efficiency. They aim to facilitate international trade by ensuring that products and services meet certain criteria, regardless of the country of origin.

In the context of the Indian market, there are numerous ISO standards applicable to various industries. These standards are adopted by organizations to enhance their processes, improve quality, and meet regulatory requirements. Some common ISO standards relevant to different sectors include:

1. ISO 9001: Quality Management System: Provides guidelines for establishing and maintaining a quality management system within an organization.
2. ISO 14001: Environmental Management System: Specifies requirements for an effective environmental management system, helping organizations minimize their environmental impact.
3. ISO 27001: Information Security Management System: Focuses on the establishment, implementation, maintenance, and improvement of an information security management system.
4. ISO 45001: Occupational Health and Safety Management System: Provides a framework for managing occupational health and safety risks within an organization.
5. ISO 50001: Energy Management System: Offers guidelines for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and improving an energy management system.
6. ISO 22000: Food Safety Management System: Sets requirements for a food safety management system to ensure the safety of food products.
7. ISO 13485: Medical Devices – Quality Management System: Specifies requirements for a quality management system for organizations involved in the design, production, installation, and servicing of medical devices.

These are just a few examples, and there are many other ISO standards applicable to different industries. The number and type of ISO standards may vary as new standards are developed and existing ones are revised or updated. Organizations often choose to adopt specific ISO standards based on their industry, regulatory requirements, and the nature of their operations.