Architecture of Linux ?

Figure shows the architecture of Linux operating System , It consist of four layers

1)      Hardware Layer

2)      Kernel

3)      Shell

4)      Application layer

Hardware layer – Hardware consists of all peripheral devices (RAM/ HDD / CPU etc) .

Kernel –  Kernel is a program that acts as task scheduler . It allocates time and Memory to programs and handles the file store and communications in response to system calls, It controls the files who can access the files , for how long users can access the files ,

Ex – Suppose a user types “ rm my file “ , The shell searches the file store for file containing the program rm , and then request the kernel , through system calls , to execute the program rm on my file

Shell –   Shell is interface between user and Kernel, Shell is command line interpreter

shell is a program that takes your commands from the keyboard and gives them to the operating system to perform. In the old days, it was the only user interface available on a Unix computer. Nowadays, we have graphical user interfaces (GUI’s) in addition to command line interfaces (Cl Is) such as the shell